How Laser Hair Removal Works

Before we know how laser hair removal works we must know what is laser.Laser stands for Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Various resources are filled up with force, and emit rays or particles of light called photons. Interestingly the light of laser contains photons of same color, segment, and in a sharp beam. You can find laser any where like in CD-Drive of your computer. Lasers used in medical have been totally exploited these special features by the contact of laser light with human skin. Normally laser is named according to gas used in them or material used in them; few examples of laser are CO2 laser, Argon laser, Krypton laser etc. In the beginning of 1980's a wonderful method of light-based therapy termed as selective photothermolysis was given birth. Photothermolysis is Greek word which can be separated into three parts photo-thermo-lysis; Photo stands for light, thermo stands for heat, and lysis stands for destruction. Selective Photothermolysis was very good achievement for doctors in 1980 as now they were able to target a specific region of human tissue with no or minimized effect on the neighboring tissues. Selective photothermolysis was firstly invented by JA Parish(M.D.) and RR Anderson(M.D.) in year 1983. From that time only it was adapted by other dermatologist and beauty clinics to give treatment for Acne, photo rejuvenation, eye sight correctness and for hair removal. These are only few fields of medical I have listed where laser is used for medical treatment, much more areas are there which can be treated by laser.

Now after invention of selective photothermolysis the doctors were able target a specific type of chromophore with appropriate wavelength. Three types of chromophore that are relevant for photothermolysis are water, hemoglobin and melanin. In photothermolysis specific area is targeted with laser of specific wavelength so that the chromophore is able to absorb the light of laser. Now after the light is absorbed by chromophore the light energy get converted into heat energy. This heat raises the temperature of only the selected or targeted region to some degree that is desired for coagulation. After the desired coagulation is reached the laser could be optimized for required wavelength and time duration according to the depth of target to destroy the hair follicle from their root. Now the laser destroys the hair follicle from growing further without affecting the neighboring follicles. The only thing which is able to destroy the hair follicle is Right wavelength at right time according to depth.

Below diagrams display the wavelength consumed by different chromophores

Effect of Laser target size Laser light can get scattered, absorbed or reflected. Due to Scattering of laser light in hair follicle the incident beam broadens, and large part can be treated an a time. If we Double the target size it will enhance the efficient volume by a multiple of eight. A broad target size normally make treatment more faster and more efficient in laser hair removal, etc. If we are targeting large area than we have to supply more photons to get better results. As a universal rule says that if we double the target size it will give us corresponding efficient result at a given deepness.

There are various laser hair removal techniques and for each method there are various laser products.

• One of the oldest types of Laser hair removal technique is Ruby Laser and it works best for fine and light hair. This has one drawback that it cannot be used on patients with darker skin, including people with tanned skin. Secondly as it can cover small area this had made Ruby lasers increasingly less popular for laser hair removal in recent years. Ruby Laser has wavelength of 694 nm .Now Ruby Laser hair removal technique is not used for hair removal anymore as it is not safe on most skin types as per the research.

• The Alexandrite Laser is having wavelength of 755 nm, it is most effective, but safest on light skin. It is used for treating large body areas in patients with light-to-olive complexion. This is one of the most widely used lasers for hair removal.

• The Diode Laser having wavelength of 810 nm .It is used for light to medium type skin. It covers large areas and has fast repetition rates, allowing brisk treatment of large body areas.

• The long pulse Nd:Yag laser having wavelength of 1064 nm is used for darker skin and can be safely used in all skin types, including tanned patients. Large coverage areas and fast repetition rates allow large areas to be treated quickly. That said, patients who use this laser report more discomfort during treatment. It is also less effective for fine and light hair than other lasers.

• Ultimate Light or Pulsed Light (IPL) laser having wavelength of 515 nm to 1200 nm (including yellow, green, red, and infrared light) is used for treating all skin types ranging from white to black. Except white hair all skin colors and hair colors can be treated easily using Ultimate Light or Pulsed Light (IPL) laser. Ultimate Light is less painful than other laser treatments, electrolysis, and waxing. There is no need of using local anesthesia or pain medication of any form when treating patients with Ultimate Light pulsed light.

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